Process of cracking oil



Dec. 31, 1929. G, EGLFF 1,741,510

PROCESS OF CRACKING OIL Filed June 26, 1926 ,l/ ,1 l (faq-(alf Z' Off 1 Patemea Dec. 31, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT *Rol-FICE GUSTAV EGLOFF, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS., A CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA rnoonss or' CRACKING on.

Application led J'une 26,

This invention relates to improvements in process of cracking oil, and refers more par-V i more effective cracking by taking different cuts of the reflux condensate, and subjecting them to different cracking conditions in the heating coil.

The invention will be understood from the following description, reference being had to the drawing, in which the single figure is a somewhat diagrammatic side elevational view of an apparatus for carrying out the invention.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a furnace in which is mounted a heating coil 2, which heating coil connects by the transfer line 3 having valve 4 to an expansion chamber 5 here shown as horizontal, although a vertical expansion chamber may be used, if desired. j

This expansion chamber is provided Wit-h the residue drawolf 6 controlled by the valve 7 and with vapor outlet pipe 8 controlled by the valve 9 leading to the lower end of the dephlegmator l0, the arrangement being such that the vapors can pass into the dephlegmator, but not fall back into the expansion chamber. The dephlegmator is provided with a series of alternately disposed baffles 11 and pans l2, from which pans the respective reflux pipes 18, 14, 15 and 16 lead. Suitable pumps 17 may be interposed in the reflux lines. The reflux line 16, it will ybe noted. is connected tothe transfer line. The reflux line 15 is connected to the heating coil nearer the deliveryend thereof, the reflux line 14 is connected to a portion of the coil nearer the inlet end, and the reflux line 13 is connected to the inlet end of the coil to Which is also connected the main feed line 18 having feed pump 19. The vapors pass out of the top of the dephlegmator through the pipe 20-having the valve 21 through the Water condenser 22, 50 and thence to the receiver 23, which receiver- 1926. Serial No. 118,827.

is provided with gas outlet 24 controlled by the valve 25, liquid draWofll pipe 26 controlled by the valve 27.

In carrying out the process, the entire system may be maintained under a uniform pres-` sure of say 250 pounds, and the oil heated to a transfer temperature of say 880 F. Mexican gasoil of say .32 Baume gravity, may be cracked in this process. densate is returned .to different vparts of the tions of the reflux condensate separated from the vapors do not commingle with the heavier fractions of the reflux condensate, returning the lighter fractions of the reflux condensate to said heating coil to pass through a substan- The reflux con` l c .heating co1l shown, although in its broader j tial portion thereof, returning the heavier fractions of the reflux condensate to `said heating coil in such manner that the heavier fractions of the reflux condensate-are caused to pass through a less portion of the heating coil than the lighter fractions of the reflux condensate.

2. A processA for cracking hydrocarbon oils comprising raising the oil to a cracking ternperature while flowing through a heatingcoil, subjecting vapors evolved from the heated o1l to reflux condensation, separately collecting relatively heavier and lighter fractions of the reflux condensate, separately returning said heavier and the lighter fractions to the heating coil, introducing the heavier fraction of the reflux condensate to the heating coil relatively close to the outlet thereof and the lighter fraction relatively remo-te i from the outlet thereof.

3. A process for cracking hydrocarbon oils comprising raising the oil to a cracking temperature While flowing through a heating coil, subjecting vapors evolved from the heated oil to reflux condensation, separately collecting a, plurality of progressively7 lighter fractions of reflux condensate, returning the lightest fractionof reflux condensate so collected to the inlet of said heating coil, and

returning the progressively heavier fractions* n of reflux condensate to spaced intermediate portions of the heating coil.

4. A process for cracking hydrocarbon oils comprising raising the oil to a cracking ternperature While flowing through a heating coil,

subjecting vapors evolved from the heated oil to reflux condensation, separatelycollecting a plurality of progressively lighter Jfractions of reflux condensate, returning .the lightest fraction of reflux condensate so collected to the inlet of said heating coil, separately returning progressively heavier fractions of the reflux condensate to spaced points in the length of theheating coil whereby the heavier fractions of the reflux condensate are caused to pass througha smaller portion of the heating coil than the lighter fractions. GUSTAV EGLOFF. 

